The U.S. Department of Justice and its federal and state partners continue their coordinated approaches to investigating and prosecuting corporations and executives who do business in the health care and life sciences industries. In 2013, the government conducted many investigations and initiated numerous criminal and civil cases involving pharmaceutical and medical device manufacturers and multiple types of health care providers. In addition, the government also brought securities fraud and FCPA cases. Public companies — and their executives — are among those who are at the center of these governmental initiatives. As we enter 2014, there are important lessons to be learned from recent enforcement efforts which should help public companies identify proactive steps that can be taken to reduce the risk of becoming a target of governmental attention.