Egypt was one of the world’s first nations to emerge during the 10th millennium BC, and was a leader in development in areas like writing, government, agriculture, and urbanisation. The Great Sphinx, Ruins of Memphis, Giza Necropolis, and the Valley of Kings, are among many of the country’s earliest developments. More recently, several armed conflicts between Egypt and Israel took place during the late 1940s through 1970s; the Camp David Accords were formally signed by Egypt in 1980, resulting in reconciliation with Israel and withdrawal from the Gaza Strip.

Egypt’s population today is over 97 million, making it the 3rd most populous African country, and 15th most populous in the world. A majority of the population is situated along the banks of the Nile River, while the Sahara desert region which makes up a majority of the country’s land-area, is mostly unpopulated. Today Egypt is considered a regional power in the Muslim world, the Middle East, and Northern Africa, and is considered a middle-power throughout the world. The country has one of the largest and most diversified economies in the Middle East. The country is a founding member of the United Nations, the Arab League, Non-Aligned Movement, Organization of Islamic Cooperation, and the African Union.

The economy depends heavily on agriculture, petroleum, natural gas, tourism, and the import industry. The country also relies on US Foreign Aid, which it has received since 1979, and remittances from Egyptian nationals working abroad.

The Egyptian Legal System

Egypt has a legal system grounded in Sharia law as well as the Napoleonic Code.  The civil law system is based upon Egypt’s written constitution.  The most important legislation is the Egyptian Civil Code of 1948 (the “ECC”), which remains the main source of legal rules applicable to contracts and legal agreements between two parties.   The Egyptian Civil Code is based on a combination of Islamic law and the French Civil Code.

The National Law Review covers the latest news stories from the country of Egypt, its international relations and affairs, and implications on its residents, the Arab community, and overseas partners. Renewable energy development, tariffs on trades, government relations, import and export restrictions, health and safety legislation, administrative agency news, and international sanctions, among other topics. Additionally, immigration of Egyptians to the United States is also closely watched by the legal experts at the National Law Review.