Poland

Poland is a unitary-sovereign government which is situated in Central Europe. The country is comprised of 16 individual administrative subdivisions. With a population of over 38.4 million, it is the sixth most populous European Union member-state, and 35th most populous in the world. Warsaw is its capital and largest city. In 1918 the country regained its independence under the Treaty of Versailles.

The country is considered a developed-market and regional power, and also considered an emerging world-power. With the EU’s 8th largest economies and one of the most dynamic economies worldwide, the country consistently ranks highly in the Human Development Index. It has one of the largest stock markets, as it is the most important in the EU and largest among the member-states. The country is known as a high income-economy, including high standards of living, safety, education, and quality of life. Providing free education through the University level, the country is one of the most well-educated worldwide, and is the leading system in Europe. They also have excellent healthcare, as the country provides Universal healthcare to its residents.

Poland is a member of the European Union, Three Seas Initiatives, NATO, OECD, and the United Nations, among other international groups.

As a representative democracy, Poland has a President as the head of state; the country’s constitution dates back to 1977. According to the Global Peace Index, the country ranks among the top 20% of peaceful countries worldwide. The Council of Ministers is headed by the Prime Minister, and presidential nominations are decided every five years, by popular vote.  The country is governed by its constitution and it follows the principle of civil rights governed by the Code of Civil Law.

The Judicial branch is highly important in the country’s decision-making policies. The Supreme Court of the Republic of Poland, the Supreme Administrative Court, Constitutional Tribunal of Poland, and State Tribunal, are the legal court-systems in the country.

As one of the most resilient economies of post-Communist countries, Poland’s economy is one of the fastest growing in the EU. Low debt, flexible currency, and a strong domestic market, help create this rich economy. After the Communist government fell, the country turned to a centralized, planned market-based economic system. Food, machinery, furniture, clothing, cosmetics, and shoes, are among the leading exports from Poland. Germany is the country’s largest trading partner. The banking system is the largest in the Central European system, and a large number of private farms help promote a strong agricultural system in the country. Tourism to the country, the energy sector, and transport, are among some of the biggest economic-drivers in this planned market system.

Visitors to the National Law Review will constantly find the latest stories and news coverage from Poland, as it relates to the EU, US, and foreign markets around the world. Supreme Court legislation, post-GDPR updates, centralized banking laws, international rights (citizens and the country), international relations, energy and environmental law stories, immigration, and other news which affects the country, its citizens, and the rest of the world, are covered routinely by the National Law Review.